Direct Effect, Indirect Effect and State Liability
This set of EU law notes looks at the difference between direct applicability and direct effect. The principles of direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability and how they relate to each other and how an individual may enforce rights under EU law in their national courts through the application of these principles.
Cases
The concept of direct effect
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen (Case 26/62) [1963] ECR 1
Guerrino Casati (Case 203-80), 1981 ECR 2595
Defrenne v. Sabena (Case 43/75), 1976 E.C.R. 455
The application of direct effect
Orsolina Leonesio v Ministero dell'agricoltura e foreste (Case 93-71) 1972 ECJ
Grad v Finanzamt Traustein (Case 9/70) 1970 ECR 825
The issue of enforceability of Directives
Van Duyn v Home Office 1974 (C-41/74) ECJ
Pubblico Ministero v Ratti (Case 148/78) [1979] ECR 1629
Marshall v Southampton and South West Area Health Authority (Teaching) (No 1) (Case 152/84) [1986] ECR 723
The concept of emanation of the State
Foster v British Gas plc (Case C-188/89) [1990] ECR I-3313
Indirect effect
Von Colson & Kamann v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen (Case 14/83) [1984] ECR 1891, combined with Harz v Deutsche Tradax (Case 79/83) [1984] ECR 1921
Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentación SA (Case C-106/89) [1990] ECR I-4135
Incidental horizontal effect
CIA Security v Signalson and Securitel (1996) C-194/94
State liability
Francovich & Bonifaci v Italian Republic (Cases C-6/90 & C-9/90) [1991] ECR I-5357
Brasserie du Pêcheur SA v Germany and R v Secretary of State for Transport ex p Factortame Ltd (No 4) (‘Factortame III’) (Cases C-46/93 & C-48/93) [1996] ECR I-1029)
R v HM Treasury, ex p British Telecommunications plc (Case C-392/93) [1996] ECR I-1631
This set of EU law notes looks at the difference between direct applicability and direct effect. The principles of direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability and how they relate to each other and how an individual may enforce rights under EU law in their national courts through the application of these principles.
Cases
The concept of direct effect
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen (Case 26/62) [1963] ECR 1
Guerrino Casati (Case 203-80), 1981 ECR 2595
Defrenne v. Sabena (Case 43/75), 1976 E.C.R. 455
The application of direct effect
Orsolina Leonesio v Ministero dell'agricoltura e foreste (Case 93-71) 1972 ECJ
Grad v Finanzamt Traustein (Case 9/70) 1970 ECR 825
The issue of enforceability of Directives
Van Duyn v Home Office 1974 (C-41/74) ECJ
Pubblico Ministero v Ratti (Case 148/78) [1979] ECR 1629
Marshall v Southampton and South West Area Health Authority (Teaching) (No 1) (Case 152/84) [1986] ECR 723
The concept of emanation of the State
Foster v British Gas plc (Case C-188/89) [1990] ECR I-3313
Indirect effect
Von Colson & Kamann v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen (Case 14/83) [1984] ECR 1891, combined with Harz v Deutsche Tradax (Case 79/83) [1984] ECR 1921
Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentación SA (Case C-106/89) [1990] ECR I-4135
Incidental horizontal effect
CIA Security v Signalson and Securitel (1996) C-194/94
State liability
Francovich & Bonifaci v Italian Republic (Cases C-6/90 & C-9/90) [1991] ECR I-5357
Brasserie du Pêcheur SA v Germany and R v Secretary of State for Transport ex p Factortame Ltd (No 4) (‘Factortame III’) (Cases C-46/93 & C-48/93) [1996] ECR I-1029)
R v HM Treasury, ex p British Telecommunications plc (Case C-392/93) [1996] ECR I-1631
This set of EU law notes looks at the difference between direct applicability and direct effect. The principles of direct effect, indirect effect, and state liability and how they relate to each other and how an individual may enforce rights under EU law in their national courts through the application of these principles.
Cases
The concept of direct effect
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen (Case 26/62) [1963] ECR 1
Guerrino Casati (Case 203-80), 1981 ECR 2595
Defrenne v. Sabena (Case 43/75), 1976 E.C.R. 455
The application of direct effect
Orsolina Leonesio v Ministero dell'agricoltura e foreste (Case 93-71) 1972 ECJ
Grad v Finanzamt Traustein (Case 9/70) 1970 ECR 825
The issue of enforceability of Directives
Van Duyn v Home Office 1974 (C-41/74) ECJ
Pubblico Ministero v Ratti (Case 148/78) [1979] ECR 1629
Marshall v Southampton and South West Area Health Authority (Teaching) (No 1) (Case 152/84) [1986] ECR 723
The concept of emanation of the State
Foster v British Gas plc (Case C-188/89) [1990] ECR I-3313
Indirect effect
Von Colson & Kamann v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen (Case 14/83) [1984] ECR 1891, combined with Harz v Deutsche Tradax (Case 79/83) [1984] ECR 1921
Marleasing SA v La Comercial Internacional de Alimentación SA (Case C-106/89) [1990] ECR I-4135
Incidental horizontal effect
CIA Security v Signalson and Securitel (1996) C-194/94
State liability
Francovich & Bonifaci v Italian Republic (Cases C-6/90 & C-9/90) [1991] ECR I-5357
Brasserie du Pêcheur SA v Germany and R v Secretary of State for Transport ex p Factortame Ltd (No 4) (‘Factortame III’) (Cases C-46/93 & C-48/93) [1996] ECR I-1029)
R v HM Treasury, ex p British Telecommunications plc (Case C-392/93) [1996] ECR I-1631